Polysorbates are non-ionic surfactants used extensively in the development and manufacturing of pharmaceutical products. Despite their widespread use, evaluating the composition of polysorbates is difficult due to their heterogeneity. In this presentation, we will highlight several 1D and 2D NMR approaches to study the inherent chemical complexity of polysorbate surfactants at a molecular level. In addition, the use of NMR techniques to differentiate different classes of polysorbates and to investigate lot-to-lot variability will be discussed.